A. A. Gravchikova. Influence of the Population Religious Diversity on the Socio-Economic Indicators of the Russian Federation Regions

UDК 322(470+571)

DOI: 10.15507/2413-1407.118.030.202201.055-075

Abstract

Introduction. In the modern world globalization leads to the active interaction of representatives of different cultures. However, there are questions of how this affects the life of society. The purpose of this article is to assess the religious diversity impact on the well-being level of the population of the Russian Federation regions.

Materials and Methods. For analysis the author has used data from the Atlas of Religions and Nationalities of Russia “Arena” and the Federal Agency for Ethnic Affairs. Religious diversity was assessed using two indicators: the Simpson Diversity Index and the Polarization Index. The paper considers the consumption level as an indicator of well-being. On the one hand, the consumption level reflects independently the standard of living; on the other hand, it is an element of gross output. The correlation between religious heterogeneity and the well-being indicator was checked by using regression analysis. Besides the panel regressions were also evaluated.

Results. The economic analysis confirms that religious diversity is directly proportional to the divorce rate, which has a negative impact on the consumption level in the Russian Federation regions. In addition, there are direct negative relationship between confessional heterogeneity and consumption. The results lead to the conclusion that religious diversity negatively affects economic indicators through the social sphere.

Discussion and Conclusion. The general conclusion is that during the period under consideration, there is trend of the gradual reduce of the religious diversity. These processes are a favorable basis for increasing the well-being indicators of society because they reduce the negative impact of religious heterogeneity on the whole as well as on the consumption level. The data, the methods and the obtained results can be used as a basis for further research. The estimates and the conclusions could be taken into account in the socio-economic policy.

Keywords: religious heterogeneity, religious polarization, economic development, consumption, family institution, regions of the Russian Federation

The author declares that there is no conflict of interest.

Funding. The material was prepared as part of the RFBR project No. 19-310-90010 “Ethnocultural diversity, economic development and management problems in the regions of Russia”.

For citation: Gravchikova A.A. Influence of the Population Religious Diversity on the Socio-Economic Indicators of the Russian Federation Regions. Regionology = Russian Journal of Regional Studies. 2022; 30(1):55-75. doi: https://doi.org/10.15507/2413-1407.118.030.202201.055-075

REFERENCES

1. Pieczywok A. Cultural Globalization and Human Security. Zeszyty Naukowe SGSP. 2020; 73(1):145-163. (In Eng.) doi: https://doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0014.0778

2. Malinovsky P.V. Globalisation as a Civilization Shaping Process. Rossiya i sovremennii mir = Russia and the Contemporary World. 2001; (2):5-30. Available at: https://cyberleninka.ru/article/n/globalizatsiya–kak–tsivilizatsionnyy–protsess/viewer (accessed 16.06.2021). (In Russ.)

3. Berger P.L., Huntington S.P. Many Globalizations: Cultural Diversity in the Contemporary World. Oxford University Press; 2002. (In Eng.) doi: https://doi.org/10.1093/0195151461.001.0001

4. Huntington S.P. The Clash of Civilizations and the Remaking of World Order. New York, Simon &  Schuster; 1996. Available at: https://www.academia.edu/4610592/Samuel_P_Huntington_The_Clash_of_Civilizations_and_the_Remaking_of_World_Order_1996 (accessed 19.06.2021). (In Eng.)

5. Lin C. Understanding Cultural Diversity and Diverse Identities. In: Quality Education. Quality Education. The Springer Encyclopedia of the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals. Springer; 2020. p. 929-938. (In Eng.) doi: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-69902-8_37-1

6. Ozgen C. The Economics of Diversity: Innovation, Productivity and the Labour Market. Journal of Economic Surveys. 2021; 34(4):1168-1216. (In Eng.) doi: https://doi.org/10.1111/joes.12433

7. Montalvo J., Reynal-Querol M.A. Religion and Conflict: A Quantitative Approach. In: Carvalho J.P., Iyer S., Rubin J. (eds) Advances in the Economics of Religion. International Economic Association Series. Palgrave Macmillan, Cham; 2019. p. 249-263. (In Eng.) doi: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-98848-1_15

8. Beugelsdijk S., Klasing M.J., Milionis P. Value Diversity and Regional Economic Development. Scandinavian Journal of Economics. 2019; 121(1):153-181. (In Eng.) doi: https://doi.org/10.1111/sjoe.12253

9. Pylypenko H., Lytvynenko N., Barna T. Socio-Cultural Context of Innovative Development. Philosophy and Cosmology. 2019; 23:98-111. (In Eng.) doi: https://doi.org/10.29202/phil-cosm/23/9

10. Romero A.A., Edwards J.A. Growth and Foreign Direct Investment Absorption Across Cultural Dimensions. International Journal of Social Economics. 2020; 47(8):1003-1022. (In Eng.) doi: https://doi.org/10.1108/IJSE-09-2019-0549

11. Kafka K., Kostis P., Petrakis P. Why Coevolution of Culture and Institutions Matters for Economic Development and Growth? Perspectives on Economic Development – Public Policy, Culture, and Economic Development. 2020. (In Eng.) doi: https://doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.90631

12. Schwartz Sh., Butenko T.P., Sedova D.S., Lipatova A.S. A Refined Theory of Basic Personal Values: Validation in Russia. Psihologiya. Jurnal Visshei shkoli ekonomiki = Psychology. Journal of the Higher School of Economics. 2012; 9(2):43-70. Available at: https://psy-journal.hse.ru/data/2013/10/30/1283379255/Schwartz_et_al_9-02pp43-70.pdf (accessed 18.07.2021). (In Russ., abstract in Eng.)

13. Pantelis C.K. Uncertainty Shocks, Cultural Behaviors and Economic Development. Journal of Business Accounting and Finance Perspectives. 2021; 3(1):2-12. (In Eng.) doi: https://doi.org/10.35995/jbafp3010002

14. Liu K., Yang J., Zou H. Cultural Heterogeneity, Social Policy, and Economic Growth in China. China Economic Review. 2020; 62(С). (In Eng.) doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chieco.2020.101501

15. Yong E.L. Understanding Cultural Diversity and Economic Prosperity in Europe: A Literature Review and Proposal of a Culture–Economy Framework. Asian Journal of German and European Studies. 2019; 4:1-34. (In Eng.) doi: https://doi.org/10.1186/s40856-019-0043-3

16. Dale-Olsen H., Finseraas H. Linguistic Diversity and Workplace Productivity. Labour Economics. 2020; 64. (In Eng.) doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.labeco.2020.101813

17. Chevalier A., Isphording I.E., Lisauskaite E. Peer Diversity, College Performance and Educational Choices. Labour Economics. 2019; 64. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.labeco.2020.101833

18. Ottaviano G.I.P., Peri G. The Economic Value of Cultural Diversity: Evidence from US Cities. Journal of Economic Geography. 2006; 6(1):9-44. Available at: https://ideas.repec.org/a/oup/jecgeo/v6y2006i1p9-44.html (accessed 15.06.2021). (In Eng.)

19. Roupakias S., Dimou S. Impact of Cultural Diversity on Local Labor Markets. Evidence from Greece’s “age of Mass Migration”. The Manchester School. 2020; 88(2):282-304. (In Eng.) doi: https://doi.org/10.1111/manc.12301

20. Di Berardino C., D’Ingiullo D., Furia D., Cartone A. Immigration Diversity and Regional Economic Growth. Economia Politica. 2021; 38:863-886. (In Eng.) doi: https://doi.org/10.1007/s40888-021-00226-8

21. Niebuhr A., Peters J. C. Workforce Composition and Individual Wages – An Employer–Employee Data Analysis. British Journal of Industrial Relations. 2020; 58(3):719-742. (In Eng.) doi: https://doi.org/10.1111/bjir.12519

22. Fassio C., Montobbio F., Venturini A. Skilled Migration and Innovation in European Industries. Research Policy. 2019; 48(3):706-18. (In Eng.) doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.respol.2018.11.002

23. Crown D., Faggian A., Corcoran J. Foreign-Born Graduates and Innovation: Evidence from an Australian Skilled Visa Program. Research Policy. 2020; 49(9). (In Eng.) doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.respol.2020.103945

24. Bufetova A.N., Kolomak E.A. National Heterogeneity in the Russian Regions: Assessment, Change, Impact on Economic Development. Voprosy ekonomiki = Economic Issues. 2021; (1):120-142. (In Russ., abstract in Eng.) doi: https://doi.org/10.32609/0042-8736-2021-1-120-142

25. Kodila-Tedika O., Agbor J. Religious Diversity and Economic Development in Sub-Saharan Africa: So Far So Good. Journal of African DevelopmentAfrican Finance and Economic Association (AFEA). 2014; 16(1):99-117. Available at: https://www.jstor.org/stable/10.5325/jafrideve.16.1.0099 (accessed 18.07.2021). (In Eng.)

26. Montalvo J.G., Reynal-Querol M. A Theory of Religious Conflict and its Effect on Growth. IVIE WP–EC. 2000. Available at: http://www.ivie.es/downloads/docs/wpasec/wpasec-2000-04.pdf (accessed 19.07.2021). (In Eng.)

27. Zhiromskaya V.B. On the Religiosity of People in 1937 (Using the Census Data). Istoricheskii vestnik = Historical Bulletin. 2000; (5). Available at: http://krotov.info/history/20/1930/1937_zher.htm (accessed 19.06.2021). (In Russ.)

28. Lunkin R.N. The Church and the Foreign Policy: From “Russian World” to the Globalization. Nauchnie vedomosti belgorodskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta. Seriya: Istoriya. Politologiya = Belgorod State University Scientific Bulletin. History. Political Science2018; 45(1):165-175. Available at: http://nv.bsu.edu.ru/upload/iblock/331/Istoria_Politologia.pdf (accessed 11.06.2021). (In Russ., abstract in Eng.)

29. Heckman J.J. Micro Data, Heterogeneity, and the Evaluation of Public Policy: Nobel Lecture. Journal of Political Economy. 2001; 109(4):673-748. (In Eng.) doi: https://doi.org/10.1086/322086

Submitted 28.06.2021; approved after reviewing 19.08.2021; accepted for publication 02.09.2021.

About the author:

Alina A. Gravchikova, Junior Researcher, Institute of Economics and Industrial Engineering, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences (17 Academician Lavrentiev Ave., Novosibirsk 630090, Russian Federation); Assistant, Department of Mathematical Methods Application in Economics and Planning, Novosibirsk State University (1 Pirogov St., Novosibirsk 630090, Russian Federation), ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2374-0098alinkhrzh57@mail.ru

The author has read and approved the final version of the manuscript.

To download article

Лицензия Creative Commons
All the materials of the "REGIONOLOGY" journal are available under Creative Commons «Attribution» 4.0